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Gautama (name)

Gautama
Maharshi Gautama by Raja Ravi Verma
PronunciationVedic Sanskrit: [ɡɑːw.tɐ.mɐ́]
Classical Sanskrit: [ɡɑw.t̪ɐ.mɐ]
Hindi: [gɔːt̪əm]
Bengali: [gou̯t̪ɔm]
Marathi: [gəut̪əm]
Nepali: [gʌu̯t̪ʌm]
GenderMale
Language(s)Languages of South Asia
Other gender
FeminineGautami[1]
Origin
Language(s)Sanskrit
Meaningdescendant of Gotama
Region of originIndian subcontinent
Other names
Alternative spellingGautam, Goutam, Gautham, Gowtham, Gotam
Cognate(s)Gaotəma (Avestan)

Gautama (Classical Sanskrit: /ɡɑw.t̪ɐ.mɐ/ IAST: Gautama), also spelled Gautam, Goutam,[2] Gautham, Gowtham, and Gotam[3] is a given name and surname of Sanskrit origin. It means "relative of Gotama".[1]

Goutam is the usual Bengali transcription of the name.[4]

Etymology and attestations

Gautama is a Vṛddhi patronymic derivative of Gotama (Classical Sanskrit: /ɡoː.t̪ɐ.mɐ/ IAST: Gotama), meaning "related to Gotama".[1] Gotama means "richest in cows" according to Mayrhofer (1992)[5] or "the largest ox" according to Monier-Williams (1899).[6]

Gautama is the name or part of the name of important religious figures such as Maharshi Gautama,[1] the Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama), the founder of the Nyaya school of Hindu philosophy Akṣapāda Gautama,[7] and Mahavira's chief disciple (Ganadhara) Gautama Swami (Indrabhuti Gautama).[8]

The name is attested in the Avesta once, in Yt. 13.16: “An eloquent man will be born, who makes his words heard in verbal contests, whose judgment is sought after, who comes away from the discussion victorious over the defeated Gaotəma.”.[9] The name Ka-u-da-ma found in the Persepolis tablets may linguistically be the same as Gaotəma, and related to Gautama.[10][9]

Incidence

As of 2014, 'Gautam' is the 2,179th most common given name in the world, with a total of 464,750 people named it.[11] It is the 276th most common given name in India, with 446,365 people named it,[12] the 725th most common given name in Nepal, with 5,183 people named it,[13] and the 3,189th most common given name in Bangladesh, with 4,949 people named it.[11] It is primarily a male name.[12][13][11] A total of 357,140 people in the world bear it as their surname.[14] It is the 313th most common surname in India, with 233,387 people having it.[15] It is the 54th most common surname in Nepal, with 113,669 people having it.[16] 'Goutam' is the 937th most common given name in India, with 163,102 people named it.[12] It is the name of 18,146 people in Bangladesh. It is also primarily a male name.[17] A total of 12,896 in the world bear it as their surname.[18]

Given name

Historical

Modern

Surname

Historical

Modern

References

  1. ^ a b c d Monier Monier-Williams (1899), A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European languages, Clarendon Press: Oxford, p. 369, retrieved 2 April 2025
  2. ^ Behind the Name - Gautama
  3. ^ Azzolini, Meena (13 September 2024). "50 Common Indian Baby Names and Meanings". Parents. Retrieved 7 April 2025.
  4. ^ Behind the Name - Goutam
  5. ^ Manfred Mayrhofer (1992), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), vol. 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, p. 497, retrieved 2 April 2025
  6. ^ Monier Monier-Williams (1899), A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European languages, Clarendon Press: Oxford, p. 364, retrieved 2 April 2025
  7. ^ S. W. Fallon (1879), A New Hindustani-English dictionary, p. 1012, retrieved 7 April 2025
  8. ^ Natubhai Shah (1998), Jainism: The World of Conquerors, vol. 2, p. 13, retrieved 7 April 2025
  9. ^ a b "GAOTƎMA". The Encyclopædia Iranica. Archived from the original on 4 August 2024. Retrieved 7 April 2025.
  10. ^ Manfred Mayrhofer (1973), Onomastica Persepolitana [Onomastics of Persepolis] (in German), Wien (Vienna): Verlag Der Österreichischen Akademie Der Wissemschaften (Austrian Academy of Sciences Press), p. 180, retrieved 7 April 2025
  11. ^ a b c Forebears - Gautam Forename
  12. ^ a b c Forebears - Most Popular First Names In India
  13. ^ a b Forebears - Most Popular First Names In Nepal
  14. ^ Forebears - Gautam Surname
  15. ^ Forebears - Most Common Last Names In India
  16. ^ Forebears - Most Common Last Names In Nepal
  17. ^ Forebears - Goutam Forename
  18. ^ Forebears - Goutam Surname
fonte: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gautam_(etymology)
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