''' Java Management Extensions''' ('''JMX''') is a Java technology that supplies tools for managing and monitoring applications, system objects, devices (e.g. printers) and service oriented networks. Those resources are represented by objects called MBeans (for ''Managed_Bean''). An interesting detail of the API is that classes can be dynamically constructed and changed.
JMX 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 were defined by JSR 3 of the Java_Community_Process. As_of_2006, JMX 2.0 is being developed under JSR 255. The JMX Remote API 1.0 for remote management and monitoring is specified by JSR 160. Early adopted by the J2EE community, JMX is a part of J2SE since the version 5.0.
== Architecture ==
JMX uses the TCP/IP protocol to communicate with various devices in your intranet or on the Internet. The Application_server running the Servlets will offer various methods that allow inquiry of the state of the device and to obtain detailed information, such as usage, logging information or error texts.
A typical System Management tool uses a JMX heartbeat message to verify that the distributed devices are healthy. The heartbeat message invokes a method on the remote application servers and receives a response.
JMX is based on a 3-level architecture:
* The ''Probe'' level : contains the probes (called MBeans) instrumenting the resources.
* The ''Agent'' level : the MBeanServer is the core of JMX. It is an intermediary between the MBean and the applications.
* The ''Remote Management'' level : enables remote applications to access to the MBeanServer through Connectors and Adaptors. A connector provides full remote access to the MBeanServer API using various communication frameworks (RMI, IIOP, JMS, WS-* ...), while an adaptor adapts the API to another protocol (SNMP, ...) or to Web-based GUI (HTML/HTTP, WML/HTTP, ...).
Applications can be generic consoles (such JConsole and MC4J), or domain-specific (monitoring) applications.
Image:Jmxarchitecture.png
== Support ==
JMX is supported at various levels by different vendors:
* JMX is supported by Java Application_servers such as JBoss, JOnAS, WebSphere, WebLogic and Sun_Java_System_Application_Server.
* System_management_(computing) tools that support the protocol include HP OpenView.
* MX4J http://mx4j.sourceforge.net/ is Open Source JMX for Enterprise Computing.
* JManage http://www.jmanage.org is an open source enterprise-grade JMX Console with web and command-line interfaces.
* MC4J http://mc4j.org/ is an open source visual console for connecting to servers supporting JMX
== See also ==
* Java_Dynamic_Management_Kit
* JavaBeans
* Mbean
* Metaclass
* Metaprogramming
* Reflection
* Simple_network_management_protocol
* Network_Management
* JINI
* OSGi
* OpenJava
* OpenC++
== References ==
* J._Steven_Perry: ''Java Management Extensions'', O'Reilly, ISBN 0-596-00245-9
* Marc_Fleury, Juha_Lindfors: ''JMX: Managing J2EE with Java Management Extensions'', Sams Publishing, ISBN 0-672-32288-9
* Jeff_Hanson: ''Connecting JMX Clients and Servers: Understanding the Java Management Extensions'', APress L. P., ISBN 1-59059-101-1
* Benjamin G Sullins, ''Mark B Whipple : JMX in Action: You will also get your first JMX application up and running'', Manning Publications Co. 2002, ISBN 1-930110-56-1
== External links ==
* JMX on java.sun.com
* JMX at JBoss.com
* JSR 255 (JMX 2.0)
* JSR 3 (JMX 1.0, 1.1, and 1.2)
;Articles
* "Enabling Component Architectures with JMX" by Marc Fleury and Juha Lindfors
* "Introducing A New Vendor-Neutral J2EE Management API" by Andreas Schaefer
* "Java in the management sphere" by Max Goff
* "Managing J2EE Systems with JMX and JUnit" by Lucas McGregor
* JMX/JBoss - The Microkernel design
* JMX and jManage
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