"toneless":
low after the high falling tone ˥˩;
mid after other tones
Note: Pinyin uses the same diacritics as IPA but with different values.
Notes
^ abc[ɕ, tɕ, tɕʰ] are always followed by /i/ or /y/.
^Note that this symbol is rarely used, usually omitted during writing.
^Voiced continuants (also transcribed [ɨ, ɯ] or [ʐ̩, z̩]) reflecting the character of the preceding consonant
^ abcwei, you/yu, wen/wên are spelled respectively ui, iu, un in pinyin and Wade-Giles but are pronounced identically when they are preceded by a consonant.
^⟨ê⟩ is spelled as ⟨o⟩ after ⟨k, k', h⟩ in Wade-Giles.
^⟨uo⟩ is spelled ⟨o⟩ after ⟨b, p, m, f⟩ in Pinyin.
^ㄨㄛ is spelled as ⟨o⟩, except for ⟨k, k', h, sh⟩ (as ⟨kuo, k'uo, huo, shuo⟩) in Wade-Giles.
^ abü (/y/) is spelled u after j, q, x in pinyin since /u/ cannot occur after them.
Duanmu, San (2007). The Phonology of Standard Chinese (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lee, Wai-Sum; Zee, Eric (2003). "Standard Chinese (Beijing)". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 33 (1): 109–112. doi:10.1017/S0025100303001208.
Lin, Yen-Hwei (2007). The Sounds of Chinese. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
