Mongolian (Unicode block)

Mongolian
Range U+1800..U+18AF
(176 code points)
Plane BMP
Scripts Mongolian (154 char.)
Common (3 char.)
Major alphabets Mongolian
Manchu
Assigned 157 code points
Unused 19 reserved code points
Unicode version history
3.0 155 (+155)
5.1 156 (+1)
11.0 157 (+1)
Note: [1][2]

Mongolian is a Unicode block containing characters for dialects of Mongolian, Manchu, and Sibe languages. It is traditionally written in vertical lines Text direction TDright.svg Top-Down, right across the page, although the Unicode code charts cite the characters rotated to horizontal orientation as this is the orientation of glyphs in a font that supports layout in vertical orientation.

The block has dozens of variation sequences defined for standardized variants.[3]

Block

Mongolian[1][2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+180x FV
 S1 
FV
 S2 
FV
 S3 
 MV 
S
U+181x
U+182x
U+183x
U+184x
U+185x
U+186x
U+187x
U+188x
U+189x
U+18Ax
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 11.0
2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

Presentation forms

Vowels
Letter Subset Unicode Isolate Initial Medial Final
A
a
Basic 1820 ᠠ‍ ‍ᠠ‍ ‍ᠠ
1820 180B ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠠ᠋‍ ‍ᠠ᠋
1820 180C ‍ᠠ᠌‍
E
e
Basic 1821 ᠡ‍ ‍ᠡ‍ ‍ᠡ
1821 180B ᠡ᠋‍ ‍ᠡ᠋
Todo 1844 ᡄ‍ ‍ᡄ‍ ‍ᡄ
1844 180B ‍ᡄ᠋‍
Sibe 185D ᡝ‍ ‍ᡝ‍ ‍ᡝ
185D 180B ‍ᡝ᠋‍ ‍ᡝ᠋
EE
é
Basic 1827 ᠧ‍ ‍ᠧ‍ ‍ᠧ
I
i
Basic 1822 ᠢ‍ ‍ᠢ‍ ‍ᠢ
1822 180B ‍ᠢ᠋‍
Todo 1845 ᡅ‍ ‍ᡅ‍ ‍ᡅ
1845 180B ‍ᡅ᠋‍
Sibe 185E ᡞ‍ ‍ᡞ‍ ‍ᡞ
185E 180B ‍ᡞ᠋‍ ‍ᡞ᠋
185E 180C ‍ᡞ᠌‍ ‍ᡞ᠌
Manchu 1873 ᡳ‍ ‍ᡳ‍ ‍ᡳ
1873 180B ‍ᡳ᠋‍ ‍ᡳ᠋
1873 180C ‍ᡳ᠌‍ ‍ᡳ᠌
1873 180D ‍ᡳ᠍‍
IY Sibe 185F ᡟ‍ ‍ᡟ‍ ‍ᡟ
O
o
Basic 1823 ᠣ‍ ‍ᠣ‍ ‍ᠣ
1823 180B ‍ᠣ᠋‍ ‍ᠣ᠋
Todo 1846 ᡆ‍ ‍ᡆ‍ ‍ᡆ
1846 180B ‍ᡆ᠋‍
OE
ö
Basic 1825 ᠥ‍ ‍ᠥ‍ ‍ᠥ
1825 180B ‍ᠥ᠋‍ ‍ᠥ᠋
1825 180C ‍ᠥ᠌‍
Todo 1848 ᡈ‍ ‍ᡈ‍ ‍ᡈ
1848 180B ‍ᡈ᠋‍
U
u
Basic 1824 ᠤ‍ ‍ᠤ‍ ‍ᠤ
1824 180B ‍ᠤ᠋‍
Todo 1847 ᡇ‍ ‍ᡇ‍ ‍ᡇ
1847 180B ᡇ᠋ ‍ᡇ᠋‍ ‍ᡇ᠋
1847 180C ‍ᡇ᠌‍
Sibe 1861 ᡡ‍ ‍ᡡ‍ ‍ᡡ
UE
ü
Basic 1826 ᠦ‍ ‍ᠦ‍ ‍ᠦ
1826 180B ᠦ᠋ ‍ᠦ᠋‍ ‍ᠦ᠋
1826 180C ‍ᠦ᠌‍
Todo 1849 ᡉ‍ ‍ᡉ‍ ‍ᡉ
1849 180B ᡉ᠋ ‍ᡉ᠋‍
Sibe 1860 ᡠ‍ ‍ᡠ‍ ‍ᡠ
1860 180B ‍ᡠ᠋‍ ‍ᡠ᠋
Consonants
Letter Subset Unicode Isolate Initial Medial Final
N
n
Basic 1828 ᠨ‍ ‍ᠨ‍ ‍ᠨ
1828 180B ᠨ᠋‍ ‍ᠨ᠋‍
1828 180C ‍ᠨ᠌‍ ‍ᠨ᠌
NG
ŋ
Basic 1829 ᠩ‍ ‍ᠩ‍ ‍ᠩ
Todo 184A 180B ᡊ‍ ‍ᡊ‍ ‍ᡊ
Sibe 1862 180B ᡢ‍ ‍ᡢ‍ ‍ᡢ
B
b
Basic 182A ᠪ‍ ‍ᠪ‍ ‍ᠪ
182A 180B ‍ᠪ
Todo 184B ᡋ‍ ‍ᡋ‍ ‍ᡋ
P
p
Basic 182B ᠫ‍ ‍ᠫ‍ ‍ᠫ
Todo 184C ᡌ‍ ‍ᡌ‍ ‍ᡌ
Sibe 1866 ᡦ‍ ‍ᡦ‍ ‍ᡦ
Q
q/k
Basic 182C ᠬ‍ ‍ᠬ‍ ‍ᠬ
182C 180B ᠬ᠋ ᠬ᠋‍ ‍ᠬ᠋‍ ‍ᠬ᠋
182C 180C ‍ᠬ᠌‍
182C 180D ‍ᠬ᠍‍
Todo 184D ᡍ‍ ‍ᡍ‍ ‍ᡍ
184D 180B ᡍ᠋‍ ‍ᡍ᠋‍
G
ү/g
Basic 182D ᠭ‍ ‍ᠭ‍ ‍ᠭ
182D 180B ᠭ᠋ ᠭ᠋‍ ‍ᠭ᠋‍ ‍ᠭ᠋
182D 180C ‍ᠭ᠌‍ ‍ᠭ᠌
182D 180D ‍ᠭ᠍‍
Todo 184E ᡎ‍ ‍ᡎ‍ ‍ᡎ
184E 180B ‍ᡎ᠋‍
Sibe 1864 ᡤ‍ ‍ᡤ‍ ‍ᡤ
M
m
Basic 182E ᠮ‍ ‍ᠮ‍ ‍ᠮ
Todo 184F ᡏ‍ ‍ᡏ‍ ‍ᡏ
L
l
Basic 182F ᠯ‍ ‍ᠯ‍ ‍ᠯ
S
s
Basic 1830 ᠰ‍ ‍ᠰ‍ ‍ᠰ
1830 180B ‍ᠰ᠋
1830 180C ‍ᠰ᠌
SH
š
Basic 1831 ᠱ‍ ‍ᠱ‍ ‍ᠱ
1878[a] ᡸ‍ ‍ᡸ‍ ‍ᡸ
Sibe 1867 ᡧ‍ ‍ᡧ‍ ‍ᡧ
T
t
Basic 1832 ᠲ‍ ‍ᠲ‍ ‍ᠲ
1832 180B ‍ᠲ᠋‍
Todo 1850 ᡐ‍ ‍ᡐ‍ ‍ᡐ
Sibe 1868 ᡨ‍ ‍ᡨ‍ ‍ᡨ
1868 180B ᡨ᠋‍ ‍ᠲ᠋‍
1832 180C ‍ᡨ᠌‍
D
d
Basic 1833 ᠳ‍ ‍ᠳ‍ ‍ᠳ
1832 180B ᠳ᠋‍ ‍ᠳ᠋‍ ‍ᠳ᠋
Todo 1851 ᡑ‍ ‍ᡑ‍ ‍ᡑ
Sibe 1869 ᡩ‍ ‍ᡩ‍ ‍ᡩ
1869 180B ᡩ᠋‍ ‍ᡩ᠋‍
CH
č
Basic 1834 ᠴ‍ ‍ᠴ‍ ‍ᠴ
Todo 1852 ᡒ‍ ‍ᡒ‍ ‍ᡒ
Sibe 1871 ᡱ‍ ‍ᡱ‍ ‍ᡱ
J
ǰ
Basic 1835 ᠵ‍ ‍ᠵ‍ ‍ᠵ
1835 180B ‍ᠵ᠋‍
Todo 1853 ᡓ‍ ‍ᡓ‍ ‍ᡓ
Sibe 186A ᡪ‍ ‍ᡪ‍ ‍ᡪ
Y
y
Basic 1836 ᠶ‍ ‍ᠶ‍ ‍ᠶ
1836 180B ᠶ᠋‍ ‍ᠶ᠋‍
1836 180C ‍ᠶ᠌‍
Todo 1855 ᡕ‍ ‍ᡕ‍ ‍ᡕ
R
r
Basic 1837 ᠷ‍ ‍ᠷ‍ ‍ᠷ
Manchu 1875 ᡵ‍ ‍ᡵ‍ ‍ᡵ
RA Sibe 1870 ᡰ‍ ‍ᡰ‍ ‍ᡰ
W
v
Basic 1838 ᠸ‍ ‍ᠸ‍ ‍ᠸ
1838 180B ‍ᠸ᠋‍ ‍ᠸ᠋
Todo 1856 ᡖ‍ ‍ᡖ‍ ‍ᡖ
F
f
Basic 1839 ᠹ‍ ‍ᠹ‍ ‍ᠹ
Sibe 186B ᡫ‍ ‍ᡫ‍ ‍ᡫ
Manchu 1876 ᡶ‍ ‍ᡶ‍ ‍ᡶ
1876 180B ᡶ᠋‍ ‍ᡶ᠋‍
K Basic 183A ᠺ‍ ‍ᠺ‍ ‍ᠺ
Todo 1857 ᡗ‍ ‍ᡗ‍ ‍ᡗ
Sibe 1863 ᡣ‍ ‍ᡣ‍ ‍ᡣ
1863 180B ‍ᡣ᠋‍
Manchu 1874 ᡴ‍ ‍ᡴ‍ ‍ᡴ
1874 180B ‍ᡴ᠋‍ ‍ᡴ᠋
1874 180C ‍ᡴ᠌‍ ‍ᡴ᠌
1874 180D ‍ᡴ᠍‍
KH
Basic 183B ᠻ‍ ‍ᠻ‍ ‍ᠻ
GA Todo 1858 ᡘ‍ ‍ᡘ‍ ‍ᡘ
Sibe 186C ᡬ‍ ‍ᡬ‍ ‍ᡬ
TS
c
Basic 183C ᠼ‍ ‍ᠼ‍ ‍ᠼ
Todo 1854 ᡔ‍ ‍ᡔ‍ ‍ᡔ
Sibe 186E ᡮ‍ ‍ᡮ‍ ‍ᡮ
Z
z
Basic 183D ᠽ‍ ‍ᠽ‍ ‍ᠽ
Sibe 186F ᡯ‍ ‍ᡯ‍ ‍ᡯ
186F 180B ᡯ᠋‍ ‍ᡯ᠋‍
HA
h
Basic 183E ᠾ‍ ‍ᠾ‍ ‍ᠾ
Todo 1859 ᡙ‍ ‍ᡙ‍ ‍ᡙ
Sibe 186D ᡭ‍ ‍ᡭ‍ ‍ᡭ
ZR
ž/ř
Basic 183F ᠿ‍ ‍ᠿ‍ ‍ᠿ
ZH Sibe 1872 ᡲ‍ ‍ᡲ‍ ‍ᡲ
Manchu 1877 ᡷ‍ ‍ᡷ‍ ‍ᡷ
LH
lh
Basic 1840 ᡀ‍ ‍ᡀ‍ ‍ᡀ
ZHI
zh
Basic 1841 ᡁ‍ ‍ᡁ‍ ‍ᡁ
CHI
ch
Basic 1842 ᡂ‍ ‍ᡂ‍ ‍ᡂ
JI Todo 185A ᡚ‍ ‍ᡚ‍ ‍ᡚ
NI Todo 185B ᡛ‍ ‍ᡛ‍ ‍ᡛ
DZ Todo 185C ᡜ‍ ‍ᡜ‍ ‍ᡜ

Notes

^ [a] U+1878 used historically for Buryat.[4]

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Mongolian block:

Version Final code points[a] Count L2 ID WG2 ID Document
3.0 U+1800..180E, 1810..1819, 1820..1877, 1880..18A9 155 X3L2/93-066 N836 Whistler, Ken (1992-06-27), Proposal for disposition of Chinese Comments on Mongolian characters in DIS 1.2
X3L2/94-086 N1011 A proposal about installing Mongolian, Todo, Xibe (Manchu included) scripts into ISO/IEC 10646 BMP, 1994-04-18
X3L2/95-133 Correspondence from the National Body of Mongolia regarding Coded character set for the Mongolian Script, 1995-10-23
X3L2/96-054 N1368 Mongolian script proposal, 1996-04-10
X3L2/96-055 N1383 Ad hoc report on Mongolian script - Copenhagen meeting, 1996-04-25
X3L2/96-102 N1437 Report of 3rd international Mongolian encoding meeting, 1996-08-06
X3L2/96-103 N1438 Draft on encoding Mongolian character set, 1996-08-08
X3L2/96-113 Gang, Mao Yong (1996-11-10), About the function of identifiers of Mongolian Proposal
L2/97-028 N1497 Moore, Richard; et al. (1997-01-10), On the Use of Control Symbols in the Mongolian Script Encoding
L2/97-035 N1515 Moore, Richard; et al. (1997-01-23), Report of the ad-hoc group on Mongolian encoding
L2/97-152 N1607 Mongolian proposal review, 1997-06-20
L2/97-165 N1622 Corff, Oliver (1997-07-03), Comments on Technical Issues of Mongolian in N 1515 and N1607
L2/98-088 N1711 The Working Meeting on Mongolian Encoding Attended by Representatives of China and Mongolia, 1998-02-15
L2/98-104 N1734 Whistler, Ken (1998-03-20), Comments on the Mongolian Encoding Proposal, WG2 N1711
L2/98-252 N1833 Moore, Richard (1998-05-04), Feedback on Ken Whistler's Comments on Mongolian Encoding: N 1734
L2/98-251 N1808 Reply to "Proposal WG2 N1734" Raised at the Seattle Meeting Regarding "Proposal WG 2 N1711", 1998-07-09
L2/98-272 Choijingzhab (1998-07-26), Mongolian: China's comments to Richard Moore's feedback in L2/98-252
L2/98-268R Whistler, Ken (1998-07-30), Analysis and UTC Position Regarding Mongolian Encoding Issues
L2/98-369 N1878 Report of the meetings of the ad-hoc group on Mongolian; London; 21/22 September, 1998, 1998-09-23
L2/98-326 Subdivision Proposal on JTC 1.02.18.01 for Amendment 29: Mongolian to ISO/IEC 10646-1, 1998-10-28
L2/98-327 Combined PDAM registration and consideration ballot on WD for ISO/IEC 10646-1/Amd. 29, AMENDMENT 29: Mongolian, 1998-10-28
L2/98-389R Aliprand, Joan, "RESOLUTION M35.11", Consent docket re WG2 Resolutions at its Meeting #35
L2/99-075.1 N1973 Irish Comments on SC 2 N 3208, 1999-01-19
L2/99-074 Summary of Voting on SC 2 N 3207, Subdivision Proposal on JTC 1.02.18.01 for Amendment 29: Mongolian, 1999-02-12
L2/99-075 N1972 Summary of Voting on SC 2 N 3208, PDAM ballot on WD for ISO/IEC 10646-1/Amd. 29: Mongolian, 1999-02-12
L2/99-113 Text for FPDAM ballot of ISO/IEC 10646, Amd. 29 - Mongolian, 1999-04-06
L2/99-254 N2068 Summary of Voting on SC 2 N 3308, ISO 10646-1/FPDAM 29 - Mongolian, 1999-08-19
L2/99-303 N2125 Disposition of Comments Report on SC 2 N 3308, ISO/IEC 10646-1/FPDAM 29 AMD. 29: Mongolian, 1999-09-20
L2/99-304 N2126 Paterson, Bruce (1999-10-01), Revised Text for FDAM ballot of ISO/IEC 10646-1/FDAM 29, AMENDMENT 29: Mongolian
L2/99-381 Final text for ISO/IEC 10646-1, FDAM 29 -- Mongolian, 1999-12-07
L2/00-046 Summary of FDAM voting: ISO 10646 Amendment 29: Mongolian, 2000-02-15
L2/03-065 Nelson, Paul; Freytag, Asmus (2003-02-13), Use of ZWJ/ZWNJ with Mongolian Variant Selectors and Vowel Separator
L2/03-073 Partridge, Tim (2003-02-27), Error Report on Linebreaking of Mongolian Vowel Separator
L2/03-039R Moore, Lisa (2003-03-14), "Properties - Mongolian Vowel Separator", UTC #94 Minutes
L2/05-378 Muller, Eric (2005-12-05), Proposal to change the script property for three Mongolian punctuation marks
L2/10-279 Batjargal, Biligsaikhan; et al. (2010-07-30), Mongolian Script Rendering Issues
L2/11-401 Iancu, Laurențiu (2011-10-19), Proposal to assign the Extender property to U+180A MONGOLIAN NIRUGU
L2/12-202 Esfahbod, Behdad (2012-06-01), Proposal to Add Mongolian Letters to ArabicShaping.txt
L2/12-360 Esfahbod, Behdad; Pournader, Roozbeh (2012-11-05), Mongolian and 'Phags-Pa Shaping
L2/12-343R2 Moore, Lisa (2012-12-04), "Properties — Mongolian Shaping", UTC #133 Minutes
L2/13-004 Esfahbod, Behdad (2012-12-20), Proposal to change General Category of MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR from Zs to Cf
L2/13-011 Moore, Lisa (2013-02-04), "Properties — MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR", UTC #134 Minutes
L2/13-146 N4435 Suignard, Michel (2013-05-27), Presentation of vertical scripts
L2/14-031 Bell, Aaron; Eck, Greg; Glass, Andrew (2014-01-20), Proposal to update the code charts for Mongolian
L2/15-304 Suignard, Michel (2015-08-27), Draft Mongolian variation selectors
L2/16-041R Eck, Greg (2016-01-26), Mongolian discussion documents
L2/16-004 Moore, Lisa (2016-02-01), "C.13 Mongolian discussion documents", UTC #146 Minutes
L2/16-258 N4752R2 Eck, Greg (2016-09-19), Mongolian Base Forms, Positional Forms, & Variant Forms
L2/16-259 N4753 Eck, Greg; Rileke, Orlog Ou (2016-09-20), WG2 #65 Mongolian Discussion Points
L2/16-266 Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; McGowan, Rick; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu; Moore, Lisa (2016-09-26), "1. Mongolian", Comments on Mongolian, Small Khitan, and other WG2 #65 documents
L2/16-297 N4769 Anderson, Deborah (2016-10-27), Mongolian ad hoc report
L2/16-342 Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu (2016-11-07), "11. Mongolian", Recommendations to UTC #149 November 2016 on Script Proposals
L2/16-325 Moore, Lisa (2016-11-18), "C.5.4", UTC #149 Minutes
L2/17-037 Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu; Moore, Lisa; Hai, Liang; Ishida, Richard; Misra, Karan; McGowan, Rick (2017-01-21), "12.b", Recommendations to UTC #150 January 2017 on Script Proposals
L2/17-035R2 Dorji, Munkhdelger; Eck, Greg; Sanlig, Badral (2017-04-30), Modify Standardizedvariants.txt file In the Mongolian/Todo Block U+1800 – U+185C PHASE II - Revised
5.1 U+18AA 1 L2/06-013 N3041 West, Andrew (2006-01-23), Proposal to encode one Manchu ali gali letter
L2/06-285 N3092 Supporting references for WG2 N3041, Manchu Ali Gali, 2006-03-27
11.0 U+1878 1 L2/17-007 N4781 West, Andrew; Zhamsoev, Amgalan; Zaytsev, Viacheslav (2017-01-13), Proposal to encode one historical Mongolian letter for Buryat Mongolian
  1. ^ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

See also

References

  1. ^ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
  2. ^ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
  3. ^ "Unicode Character Database: Standardized Variation Sequences". The Unicode Consortium.
  4. ^ West, Andrew; Zhamsoev, Amgalan; Zaytsev, Viacheslav (2017-01-13). "L2/17-007: Proposal to encode one historical Mongolian letter for Buryat Mongolian" (PDF).