Help:IPA/Khmer

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Khmer language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-km}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Consonants
Full	Subscript	Initial Value	Final Value^[1]	Series^[2]
ក	្ក	k	k, ʔ	1
ខ	្ខ	kʰ	k	1
គ	្គ	k	k, ʔ	2
ឃ	្ឃ	kʰ	k	2
ង	្ង	ŋ	ŋ	2^[3]
ច	្ច	c	c	1
ឆ	្ឆ	cʰ	none ^[4]	1
ជ	្ជ	c	c	2
ឈ	្ឈ	cʰ	none ^[4]	2
ញ	្ញ	ɲ	ɲ	2^[3]
ដ	្ដ	ɗ	t̪	1
ឋ	្ឋ	t̪ʰ	t̪	1
ឌ	្ឌ	ɗ	t̪	2
ឍ	្ឍ	t̪ʰ	t̪	2
ណ	្ណ	n̪	n̪	1
ត	្ត	t̪, ɗ^[5]	t̪	1
ថ	្ថ	t̪ʰ	t̪	1
ទ	្ទ	t̪	t̪	2
ធ	្ធ	t̪ʰ	t̪	2
ន	្ន	n̪	n̪	2^[3]
ប	្ប	ɓ, p^[6]	p	1
ផ	្ផ	pʰ	p	1
ព	្ព	p	p	2
ភ	្ភ	pʰ	p	2
ម	្ម	m	m	2^[3]
យ	្យ	j	j	2^[3]
រ	្រ	r	- , r^[7]	2^[3]
ល	្ល	l̪	l̪	2^[3]
វ	្វ	ʋ	/ʋ/, /w/	2^[3]
ស	្ស	s	h	1
ហ	្ហ	h	none ^[4]	1
ឡ	-	l̪	none ^[4]	1
អ	្អ	ʔ	none ^[4]	1

Dependent Vowels
Vowel	1st Series Value	2nd Series Value^[2]
ឣ	ɑː	ɔː
ឤ	aː	iə
ឣិ	eʔ, e, ə	iʔ, i, ɨ
ឣី	əj	iː
ឣឹ	ə	ɨ
ឣឺ	əɨ	ɨː
ឣុ	o	u
ឣូ	ou	uː
ឣួ	uə
ឣូវ	əw	ɨw
ឣើ	aə	əː
ឣឿ	ɨə
ឣៀ	iə
ឣេ	ei, ə^[8]	eː, ɨ^[8]
ឣែ	ae	ɛː
ឣៃ	aj	ɨj
ឣោ	ao	oː
អៅ	aw	ɨw
ឣុំ	om	um
ឣំ	ɑm	um
ឣាំ	am	oə̯m
ឣះ	ah	eah
ឣិះ	eh	ih
ឣុះ	oh	uh
ឣេះ	eh	ih
ឣោះ	ɑh	uəh

Independent Vowels
Vowel	IPA
ឥ	e; i; əi
ឦ	ʔəj
ឧ	oʔ; uʔ
ឨ	(obsolete)
ឩ	ʔuː
ឪ	ʔɨw
ឫ	ʔrɨʔ
ឬ	ʔrɨː
ឭ	ʔlɨʔ
ឮ	ʔlɨː
ឯ	ʔae; ʔɛː,ʔeː
ឰ	ʔaj
ឱ, ឲ	ʔaːo
ឳ	ʔaw

Notes

^ The stops /p, t, c, k/ have no audible release when occurring as syllable finals, as in Cantonese
^ ^a ^b Khmer consonants belong to two classes that dictate the value of dependent vowels.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Can be changed to 1st series by stacking a ហ above the subscript form. See here for further details.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e never occurs at the end of words
^ ត is used by orthographic convention to represent ɗ in disyllabic words whose underlying form is spelled with ត or ថ as opposed to derivatives of bases spelled with ដ, which keep the original ដ for ɗ.
^ in certain words of Pali or Sanskrit origin
^ final រ is silent (not transcribed) in central dialects of Cambodia and Vietnam, represents a trill in Northern Khmer dialects of Thailand
^ ^a ^b before palatals

[1] The stops /p, t, c, k/ have no audible release when occurring as syllable finals, as in Cantonese

[series-2] Khmer consonants belong to two classes that dictate the value of dependent vowels.

[series_change-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Can be changed to 1st series by stacking a ហ above the subscript form. See here for further details.

[word_end-4] ver occurs at the end of words

[5] ត is used by orthographic convention to represent ɗ in disyllabic words whose underlying form is spelled with ត or ថ as opposed to derivatives of bases spelled with ដ, which keep the original ដ for ɗ.

[6] rtain words of Pali or Sanskrit origin

[7] រ is silent (not transcribed) in central dialects of Cambodia and Vietnam, represents a trill in Northern Khmer dialects of Thailand

[palatal-8] re palatals

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

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Help:IPA/Khmer

Contents

Consonants

Dependent Vowels

Independent Vowels

Notes